11. Bacteria Isolated from Fish Pond Water and Sediment in Selected Fish Pond Ecosystems in the Osun State: Multidrug Resistance Profiles
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Abstract
Background: Globally, resistant bacteria are proliferating, and aquatic environments are quickly turning become reservoirs for resistant microorganisms. This study was aimed primarily at discovering and wanting to describe MDR bacteria in fish pond environments from Osun State, Nigeria. Methodology: Purposive sampling was employed in this study to collect 60 sediment and 60 fish water samples from fish ponds throughout the state. The bacterial isolates were identified by normal microbiological procedures, and the antibiotic sensitivity to twelve of the most regularly used antibiotics was assessed using the disc diffusion method. Results: E. coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were among the microorganisms found. There was also substantial resistance against second-generation ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and gentamicin. In particular, there were several strains that produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs); Klebsiella species and E. coli were shown to be resistant to several antibiotic classes. Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of efficient surveillance and control strategies to address the issue of resistance while identifying the rising occurrences of MDR bacteria in fish pond ecosystems. Appropriate use of antibiotics in aquaculture farming convention is a key policy in the conservation of water bodies and human wellness.