2. The Effect of Extreme Weather on Team Tactics and Performance in Outdoor Sports among Athletes in Kwara State, Nigeria

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Abdulraheem A. M.
Abdulaziz-Ibraheem H.

Abstract

Background: The impact of extreme weather conditions on outdoor sports performance among athletes has drawn the attention of the relevant bodies, especially now that climate change is wreaking havoc across sectors. Objectives: The study examines how high temperatures and heavy rainfall affect team tactics, athlete performance, and overall well-being in Kwara State, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey approach was employed. The target population included outdoor sports athletes, including footballers, basketballers and athletes. Results: The findings reveal a significant correlation between extreme heat and decreased athletic performance. A correlation analysis (r = -0.62, p < 0.05) showed that higher temperatures were strongly associated with reduced endurance, speed, and cognitive decision-making during outdoor sports. Similarly, heavy rainfall was moderately correlated (r = -0.45, p < 0.05) with reduced coordination and agility, particularly in team sports like football and basketball. Coaches reported adjusting training schedules/ times and emphasising tactical changes, such as slowing the game pace and enhancing teamwork to conserve energy. In contrast, rainy conditions prompted athletes to adopt conservative play styles, focusing on safety and injury prevention. Conclusion/ Recommendation: The study contributes to understanding how climate conditions impact sports performance and provides recommendations for coaches and organisations to better equip athletes for competing in extreme environments. By fostering awareness and implementing targeted strategies, stakeholders can enhance athlete performance, safety, and well-being in changing weather patterns.

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Author Biography

Abdulraheem A. M., Department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin